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Debates over the original draft included South Korean President Nguyen's request to include a provision for removal of North Vietnamese troops from South Vietnam. On 30 March 1972, when over half a million Americans were sent back to their homes, North Vietnam attacked South Vietnam: Nixon believed such an attack was unfair since their troops were withdrawing, and as a consequence, he decided to provoke a mine explosion in North Vietnams harbours in order to forbid the entrance of war supplies coming from the Soviet Union and other communist countries. Be able to teach Vietnamization to your students? Vietnamization is the policy that reduced the number of American troops in Vietnam and addressed the lack of support for continued American military presence. However, the limits of Vietnamization were soon demonstrated, when in March 1971 a large ARVN attack into Laos, code-named Lam Son 719 and designed to interdict the Ho Chi Minh Trail, ended in heavy casualties and a disorderly retreat. We provide high-quality teaching and revision materials for UK and international history curriculum. [13][14], The campaign began on May 1. On receiving the report, Kissinger and Schelling asked Ellsberg about the apparent absence of a victory option; Ellsberg said "I don't believe there is a win option in Vietnam." Nixon authorized unacknowledged bombing in Cambodia while U.S. ground troops were in South Vietnam. The USA accepted because they could not allow their great enemy communism to spread even further around the globe. President Richard Nixon, like his arch-rival President John F. Kennedy, was far more interested in foreign policy than in domestic affairs. training the Southern Vietnamese to fight the Vietminh and Vietcong The war rose in 1965, when President Johnson issued commencing air strikes on North Vietnam and ground forces, which had risen to 536,000 by 1968. The Armed Forces of the Republic of Vietnam had some excellent ground combat units, but still had very serious problems of command, control, and communications at division level and above. The antiwar movement fueled US troop withdraws from Vietnam. Vietnamization was significant because it exemplifies how the United States had higher priorities at the time. The communist high command determined to follow the Tet attacks with two more waves in May and August. The US tried to put an end to the war by attacking and bombing North Vietnam. The bombing of ____ was a much-needed morale booster for the United States. Learn about the Vietnamization policy and whether Vietnamization worked. December 7, 1941. Subsequent congressional action banned further U.S. ground intervention outside the boundaries of South Vietnam, so the next major drive, Operation Lam Son 719, would have to be based on ARVN ground forces, U.S. air and artillery support, and U.S. advisory and logistical assistance.